Henry II. Plantagenet , Richard I. Lionheart

Henry II. Plantagenet (Duke of Anjou)
– ascended the throne through marriage
– established law and order again, he instituted royal courts, travelling judges ( today’s circuit judges) and the jury system
– from then on sentences pronounced at the courts were collected, they form the “Common Law” that serves as case of examples for judges even today

Richard I. Lionheart
– Henry’s son
– spent most of his time on crusades – his brother John I. ruled – barons and bishops forced him to sign a charter protecting their privileges – Magna Charta libertatum 1215 – the power of the monarch was limited
– basics of English constitutionalism liberties
– guaranteed feudal rights and regularized the judical system
– guarantee of liberties of London and of other cities, boroughs and ports of England – good for trade
– system of standard weights and measures was established