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– irský spisovatel– žil dlouho v cizině, zážitky z domova byly pro něj stálou inspirací– jako emigrant odešel do Terstu, pak do Curichu, období válek prožil v Paříži– byl učitel angličtiny– psal verše, jádrem...

– narodil se na Starém Městě pražském a pocházel z rodiny německého židovského obchodníka, galant.zb. – prožil osamělé dětství, rodiče od rána pracovali v obchodě na jeho výchovu měl vliv český personál – vystudoval...

technical (industrial) revolution– the boom of inventions-stopped by problems in Europe– spinning wheel was replaced by machines, cloth making moved to the factory. Machines call for power- Watt’s steam engines supplied it. This necessitated...

– 1. světová válka otřásla vnitřní jistotou člověka – období zápasu protikladných sil, střetání různých sociální, kulturních a filozofických systémů – literatura neposkytuje ucelený obraz života Rysy: 1. zobrazuje výseky životní zkušeností 2. v...

the throne was offered to Mary (daughter of Charles’s II. brother) and her Protestant husband William of Orange – they ruled jointly, had to sign the Bill of Rights-giving Parliament all the rights of...

James I. and his son Charles I. regarded themselves as “Kings of Divine Right” and wanted to rule absolutely.Charles’s conflict with parliament developed into a civil war. The parliamentary troops (supported by the Puritans)...

The hundred years’ war (1337-1453)– Edward III. whose mother was a French princess, pretended that he had a right to the French throne. He began a war that was to last for more than...

Henry VIII. (1509-1547)– a true prince of the Renaissance– within Henry’s period an important event took place, known as the Reformation– when the Pope refused to annul his marriage to his Spanish wife (Catharine...

Henry II. Plantagenet (Duke of Anjou)– ascended the throne through marriage– established law and order again, he instituted royal courts, travelling judges ( today’s circuit judges) and the jury system– from then on sentences...

– influenced the language a lot– brought there their own language– established many camps that are famous cities nowadays (e.g. London)– started building roads – they used stoneschester – old word for a road,...